Hawaii

//The Creation Chant// ‘O ke au i kahuli wela ka honua //At the time that turned the heat of the earth, (When space turned around, the earth heated)// ‘O ke au i kahuli lole ka lani //At the time when the heavens turned and changed, (When space turned over, the sky// //reversed)// ‘O ke au i kuka’iaka ka lā //At the time when the light of the sun was subdued (When the sun appeared standing in shadows)// E ho‘omālamalama i ka malama //To cause light to break forth, (To cause light to make bright the moon)// ‘O ke au o Makali’i ka pō //At the time of the night of winter (When the Pleiades are small eyes in the night,)// ‘O ka walewale ho‘okumu honua ia //Then began the slime which established the earth, (From the source in the slime was the earth formed)// ‘O ke kumu o ka lipo, i lipo ai //The source of deepest darkness. (From the source in the dark was darkness formed)// ‘O ke kumu o ka pō, i pō ai //(From the source in the night was night formed)// ‘O ka lipolipo, o ka lipolipo //Of the depth of darkness, of the depth of darkness, (From the depths of the darkness, darkness so deep)// ‘O ka lipo o ka lā, o ka lipo o ka pō //Of the darkness of the sun, in the depth of night, (Darkness of day, darkness of night)// Pō wale ho'i //It is night, (Of night alone)// Hānau ka pō //So was night born. (Did night give birth.)// =About the Kumulipo= The most appropriate way to begin a discussion on the Hawaiian perspective of the environment is with the creation chant, the //Kumulipo//. This chant describes both our perspective on and relationship to our environment. Through its description of how the elements of the land and ocean—from seaweeds and grasses to trees, fish, and //kalo//—were born, it teaches //nā kānaka//, the Hawaiian people, that our land and oceans are living beings and homes of living gods. It also tells of how //nā kānaka// are instructed by the gods to be the caretakers of all living beings.
 * media type="facebooklike" key="http%3A%2F%2Fpcep.wikispaces.com%2FHawaii" width="270" height="48" align="right"E komo mai**, Welcome to the Hawaii Community Page.
 * Kumulipo**

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=Hawaii= //**Hawai‘i Nei**//
 * Capital**: Honolulu (O‘ahu)
 * Population**: 1,374,810 (2011)
 * Land Area**: 28,311 sq km (10,931 sq mi)
 * Languages**: English, Hawaiian (official)
 * Indigenous Ethnicities**: Hawaiian (Polynesian)
 * Greetings**: //Aloha//

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=Environment= =Climate & Climate Impacts= =History & Way of Life= The earliest habitation of the Hawaiian Islands supported by archaeological evidence dates to as early as 300 BCE, probably by Polynesian settlers from the Marquesas. Local chiefs, called //ali‘i//, ruled their settlements and launched wars to defend their communities. Each of the eight major islands were ruled by individual //ali‘i nui// (ruling chiefs) until Kamehameha I unified the islands in 1810. In the mid-1800s, Protestant, Catholic and Latter-Day Saint missionaries converted many Hawaiians to Christianity. Their influence ended ancient practices, and Kamehameha III was the first Christian king.

//Haole// (foreign) influence was pervasive throughout the kingdom. By the late 1880s, while King Kalākaua associated with many American businessmen and advisers, other American businessmen developed sugar and pineapple plantations. Labor was imported from abroad -- the first laborers arrived from China in 1850, followed by Japanese laborers in 1868, Portuguese laborers in 1878, Puerto Rican laborers in 1899, Korean laborers in 1903, and Filipino laborers in 1906. The Kingdom of Hawai‘i remained sovereign until 1893, when the monarchy was overthrown by those American (and some European) businessmen. It was an independent republic from 1894 until 1898, when it was annexed by the United States as a territory.

Over the next 60 years, the political and economic climate of Hawai‘i changed. Production in the sugar and pineapple plantations began to slow in the 1950s. Large plantation owners in the local Republican party were ousted by the decedents of immigrant laborers in the Democratic party. Hawai‘i residents began campaigning for statehood and in March 1959, Congress passed the Hawaii Admission Act. After statehood, Hawai‘i quickly modernized via construction and rapidly growing tourism economy. Daily life in Hawai‘i today is a mix of modern American life, mixed with traces of Hawai‘i’s missionary and plantation history as well as traditions brought by modern migration groups. =Education= Hawaii public schools are unified under one State Education Agency, divided into 15 complex areas. The Hawaii DOE oversees 286 schools (167 elementary, 37 middle, 33 high, 17 multi-level, 31 charter, 1 special) with 178,649 students (2010; 99,789 elementary, 78,860 secondary) and 11,261 classroom teachers. About 10% (18,012 students; 2010) of public school students in Hawaii are English Language Learners. Most Hawaii private schools are organized under the Hawaii Association of Independent Schools (HAIS). In 2010, approximately 34,845 students (16,085 elementary, 18,760 secondary) attend 101 private schools (63 on Oahu, 17 on Hawaii Island, 14 on Maui, 5 on Kauai, 2 on Molokai).
 * Religion, worship, hula
 * Social, political structure
 * farming, fishing
 * Demographics from PCEP: @http://pcep.dsp.wested.org/content_items/389038
 * Ulukau: The Hawaiian Electronic Library: @http://ulukau.org/index.php?l=en (resources on Culture & Arts, Curriculum, Genealogy records, Land, Books, The Hawaiian Bible, Hawaiian Newspapers and the Ed Greevy Photograph Collection)

Hawaii is home to several institutes of higher education. The University of Hawaii system includes 3 university campuses and 7 community colleges. Major private universities include Chaminade University of Honolulu, Brigham Young University–Hawaii, and Hawaii Pacific University.
 * Education demographics from PCEP:
 * Hawaii Department of Education: @http://doe.k12.hi.us/
 * Hawaii Association of Independent Schools (HAIS): @http://www.hais.org/
 * University of Hawaii system: @http://www.hawaii.edu

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=Photo Gallery= Want to know how to add photos to this gallery? Please see the Photo Gallery Tutorial.


 * [[image:On_the_Road_to_Waikiki,_Oahu_1890.jpg width="360" height="222" align="center" caption="Honolulu, 1890" link="@https://picasaweb.google.com/lh/photo/xfpZawvR-2oC-HIcTkTjsA?feat=twitter"]] || [[image:diamondhead.jpg width="405" height="235" align="center" caption="Honolulu, present; courtesy of Daniel Ramirez" link="@http://www.flickr.com/photos/danramarch/2882216238/"]] ||
 * [[image:Kanaka_Maoli_Ohana,_HI_1896.jpg align="center" caption="Oahu, 1896; courtesy of Wikimedia Commons" link="@http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hawaiian_ohana_outside_their_thatch_house,_1896.jpg"]] || [[image:lahaina.jpg width="350" height="261" align="center" caption="Lahaina, present; courtesy of Matt McGee" link="@http://www.flickr.com/photos/pleeker/5728545868/"]] ||
 * [[image:hawaii_gardenofthegods.jpg width="360" height="240" caption="Keahiakawelo, Lanai; courtesy of cbarros" link="@http://www.gohawaii.com/lanai/regions-neighborhoods/north-lanai/keahiakawelo"]] ||  ||

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=Tell Your Climate Story= You can share a story about how climate change is affecting your community in two ways

Add a Story using Facebook
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Or Create a New Wiki Page with Pictures and Links

 * 1) Create a new wiki page
 * 2) Give it a title that includes your name
 * 3) Tag your page as //Hawaii story//.
 * 4) Tell us your story (you can even include pictures and links!)

Your new page will appear in the list of Hawaii Climate Stories here. include component="pageList" hideInternal="true" tag="Hawaii story" limit="10" Back to the Top